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Smoke masks. Eye drops. No outdoor exercise. This is how Californians are trying to cope with wildfires choking the state, but experts say an increase in serious health problems may be almost inevitable for vulnerable residents as the disasters become more commonplace.Research suggests children, the elderly and those with existing health problems are most at risk.Short-term exposure to wildfire smoke can worsen existing asthma and lung disease, leading to emergency room treatment or hospitalization, studies have shown.Increases in doctor visits or hospital treatment for respiratory infections, bronchitis and pneumonia in otherwise healthy people also have been found during and after wildfires.RELATED: Missing-persons list tops 600 in Camp FireSome studies also have found increases in ER visits for heart attacks and strokes in people with existing heart disease on heavy smoke days during previous California wildfires, echoing research on potential risks from urban air pollution.For most healthy people, exposure to wildfire smoke is just an annoyance, causing burning eyes, scratchy throats or chest discomfort that all disappear when the smoke clears.But doctors, scientists and public health officials are concerned that the changing face of wildfires will pose a much broader health hazard."Wildfire season used to be June to late September. Now it seems to be happening all year round. We need to be adapting to that," Dr. Wayne Cascio, a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency cardiologist, said this week.In an overview published earlier this year, Cascio wrote that the increasing frequency of large wildland fires, urban expansion into wooded areas and an aging population are all increasing the number of people at risk for health problems from fires.Wood smoke contains some of the same toxic chemicals as urban air pollution, along with tiny particles of vapor and soot 30 times thinner than a human hair. These can infiltrate the bloodstream, potentially causing inflammation and blood vessel damage even in healthy people, research on urban air pollution has shown. Studies have linked heart attacks and cancer with long-term exposure to air pollution.Whether exposure to wildfire smoke carries the same risks is uncertain, and determining harm from smog versus wildfire smoke can be tricky, especially with wind-swept California wildfires spreading thick smoke hundreds of miles away into smoggy big cities."That is the big question," said Dr. John Balmes, a University of California, San Francisco, professor of medicine who studies air pollution."Very little is known about the long-term effects of wildfire smoke because it's hard to study populations years after a wildfire," Balmes said.Decreased lung function has been found in healthy firefighters during fire season. They tend to recover but federal legislation signed this year will establish a U.S. registry tracking firefighters and potential risks for various cancers, including lung cancer. Some previous studies suggested a risk.Balmes noted that increased lung cancer rates have been found in women in developing countries who spend every day cooking over wood fires.That kind of extreme exposure doesn't typically happen with wildfires, but experts worry about the kinds of health damage that may emerge for firefighters and residents with these blazes occurring so often.Whether that includes more cancer is unknown. "We're concerned about that," Balmes said.Regular folks breathing in all that smoke worry about the risks too.Smoke from the fire that decimated the Northern California city of Paradise darkened skies this week in San Francisco, nearly 200 miles southwest, and the air smelled "like you were camping," said Michael Northover, a contractor.He and his 14-year-old son have first-time sinus infections that Northover blames on the smoke."We're all kind of feeling it," Northover said.The smoke was so thick in San Francisco, the skyline was barely visible from across the Bay. The city's iconic open-air cable cars that are popular with tourists were pulled off the streets Thursday because of the bad air.An Environmental Protection Agency website said air quality in Sacramento was "hazardous" Thursday and San Francisco's was "very unhealthy." Many people walking around the cities wore face masks.Most schools in San Francisco, Sacramento, Oakland and Folsom said they would be closed Friday. At least six universities in Northern California canceled classes Thursday.At Chico State University, 11 miles (18 kilometers) from Paradise, ash fell this week and classes were canceled until after Thanksgiving."It's kind of freaky to see your whole town wearing air masks and trying to get out of smoke," said freshman Mason West, 18. "You can see the particles. Obviously, it's probably not good to be breathing that stuff in."West returned home this week to Santa Rosa, hard hit by last year's wine country fires, only to find it shrouded in smoke from the Paradise fire 100 miles (160 kilometers) away. West's family had to evacuate last year for a week, but their home was spared."It's as bad here as it was in Chico," West said. "It almost feels like you just can't get away from it."Smoke has been so thick in Santa Rosa that researchers postponed a door-to-door survey there for a study of health effects of last year's fire."We didn't feel we could justify our volunteer interns going knocking on doors when all the air quality alerts were saying stay indoors," said Irva Hertz-Picciotto, a public health researcher at the University of California, Davis. The study includes an online survey of households affected by last year's fire, with responses from about 6,000 people so far.Preliminary data show widespread respiratory problems, eye irritations, anxiety, depression and sleep problems around the time of the fire and months later."Conventional thinking is that these effects related to fires are transient. It's not entirely clear that's the case," Hertz-Picciotto said.Researchers also will be analyzing cord blood and placentas collected from a few dozen women who were pregnant during the fire, seeking evidence of stress markers or exposure to smoke chemicals.They hope to continue the study for years, seeking evidence of long-term physical and emotional harms to fire evacuees and their children.Other studies have linked emotional stress in pregnant women to developmental problems in their children and "this was quite a stress," Hertz-Picciotto said.It's a kind of stress that many people need to prepare for as the climate warms and wildfires proliferate, she said."Any of us could wake up tomorrow and lose everything we own," she said. "It's pretty scary."___Follow AP Medical Writer Lindsey Tanner at https://twitter.com/LindseyTanner . Her work can be found here .___The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives supportfrom the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 7036

Sex is big business in America.Many are not in the business by choice, but some are. There are 21 legal brothels in the U.S., and all are in Nevada, the only place where sex for money is legal and out of the shadows.Newsy, owned by the E.W. Scripps Company, interviewed people who are supportive of the legal sex industry as well as people who are against it.'SOLD IN AMERICA' DOCUSERIESSOLD IN AMERICA: The Workers 428

So much has been taken from us this year, but for Jason Snider, all too familiar feelings of his first time performing at Symphony Hall in Boston suddenly came back to him."It felt like I was driving in for the audition the day that I won this job," Snider said, standing on a busy street corning outside the historic performance hall.Since March, this stage and others like it across the country have sat empty. It's still unsafe for audiences to return inside. So, Snider and three of his colleagues have been taking their performance outside."I hope we catch people’s attention, remind them that we’re here," Snider added.As some of the best French horn players in the country, a city street corner is a long way from the prestigious stages they are used to, but it is a stage, nonetheless. Over the years, these four have toured the world together. On this particular day, though, they were on a trolley, traveling the city.They stopped outside hospitals filled with COVID-19 patients, offering a crescendo of chords to remind people what's been missing since March."It’s a reminder of that visceral experience you get when you’re listening to music; it’s a physical sensation," said Leslie Wu Foley, the director of education for the Boston Symphony.It's a song being written by musicians from coast to coast as other musicians and orchestras have taken up similar ideas, bringing music to outdoor spaces where smaller crowds can gather safely to listen."There’s nothing like that in-person experience of changing the air around you," Foley added.Managing the pressure of this pandemic has been hard, it's been lonely, and it's been quiet. But finding a common chord might be the best way for us to find some common ground. 1736

SOLANA BEACH, Calif. (KGTV) -- A city of Solana Beach plan to redevelop part of the City Hall parking lot into affordable housing didn't generate any interest from developers. The city says not one builder responded to the request for proposals it issued last spring to build 19 affordable units on the City Hall property, which is across the street from its exclusive coastal bluffs. Solana Beach Mayor David Zito said it's hard to pinpoint why no developers were interested since none applied. "Projects that include affordable units can be more challenging to deal with due to potential local resistance," Zito said. "This provides an initial barrier that simply needs to be overcome. Developers would typically want the possibility of a greater return in order to take on additional risk and these types of projects typically provide less return."Zito added another issue was the requirement to keep the public parking at City Hall, which raised costs. Solana Beach, with a rent that averages more than ,000 a month, currently has zero affordable housing units. The coastal city approved a 10-unit complex down the block from City Hall in 2014. It survived a lengthy legal challenge but still has not broken ground largely due to funding. That has left many workers who have jobs in the city's restaurants, hotels and quaint shops to commute from far away, or to live in groups nearby."In my complex there's like four people living in a condo," said Mary Lou Bottino, who has lived in Solana Beach for more than 20 years. Solana Beach is now turning its attention to its 117-space Distillery Parking lot across from Fletcher Cove. The City Council could vote Wednesday to send out a new request for proposals to turn that lot into a 20-unit complex. This time, the city may not require the developer keep the public parking available, a staff report says. 1870

ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. -- The Medical Examiner of Pinellas County, Florida has confirmed that a vape pen explosion is to blame for a St. Petersburg man's death. Bill Pellan, Director of Investigations at the Pinellas County Medical Examiner's Office confirmed the report to Scripps station WFTS in Tampa on Tuesday. Tallmadge Wakeman D'Elia, 38, who went by "Wake," died in a fire in an upstairs bedroom of a home.  441